Lesson Learned: Common Pitfalls in Building RAG – Part 1

Building Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems sounds straightforward in theory. But after working on several real-world RAG use cases—FAQ chatbot builder, image-to-image search, product recommendation engines and voice agents—I learned that the reality is far messier. Rather than covering everything at once, I’m breaking this down into a short series of posts—each one focusing on a specific issue I encountered and how I approached fixing it. In this first part, we’ll look at one of the most frequent problems: follow-up queries that fail retrieval—and how query expansion helped solve it. ...

May 31, 2025 · 6 min · 1162 words · Affandy Fahrizain

The Secret Sauce Behind Better Product Recommendation: MMR Explained

How Maximal Marginal Relevance (MMR) Enhances Diversity and User Experience in Product Suggestions.

May 25, 2025 · 6 min · 1165 words · Affandy Fahrizain

Building Conversational AI with LangChain Part 2: Chat with Your Data

LLM is powerful, but it cannot answer questions it doesn’t know before. Thanks to RAG we can inject some knowledge to extend LLM capability. Now let’s build our first RAG!

June 30, 2024 · 15 min · 3097 words · Affandy Fahrizain

Building Conversational AI with LangChain: Techniques for Context Retention in Chatbots

We moved from in-house training model to hosted models and ready-to-use APIs. With the existence of free LLM APIs, let’s explore how to create our own free chatbot!

June 1, 2024 · 12 min · 2441 words · Affandy Fahrizain